"A Comparison of Systems" - by A. A. Hodge (1823-1886)
From Outlines of Theology (Chapter Six) Originally published in 1860, Outlines of Theology is now in the public domain. This chapter may therefore be copied and distributed without restriction.

The Golden Idol of Freewill - by Augustus Toplady (1740-1778). Some expositors have supposed, that this Psalm was penned by the prophet Daniel; on occasion of the miraculous deliverance of Shadrac, Meshac, and Abednego, when they came out, unhurt, from the burning fiery furnace, into which they had been thrown by the command of king Nebuchadnezzar. (courtesy of www.the-highway.com)

Salvation by Grace - Loraine Boettner. THE Bible declares that the salvation of sinful men is a matter of grace. From Eph. 1:7-10 we learn that the primary purpose of God in the work of redemption was to display the glory of this divine attribute so that through succeeding ages the intelligent universe might admire it as It is made known through His unmerited love and boundless goodness to guilty, vile, helpless creatures. 

Arminian Errors - From the tract, Another Gospel, by Rev. William MacLean, M.A. God could have justly left all mankind to perish in their sin and misery, as He left the angels which kept not their first estate, but according to the good pleasure of His will, He chose in Christ, before the foundation of the world, all whom He purposed to save. "According as he hath chosen us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before Him in love; having predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of His will" (Ephesians 1: 4,5).(courtesy of www.the-highway.com)

The Myth of Free Will - Walter Chantry. MOST PEOPLE say that they believe in "free will." Do you have any idea what that means? I believe that you will find a great deal of superstition on this subject. The will is saluted as the grand power of the human soul which is completely free to direct our lives. But from what is it free? And what is its power?

Regeneration - John Owen. UNTO the description we are to give of the work of regeneration, the precedent account of the subject of it, or the state and condition of them that are to be regenerated, was necessarily to be premised; for upon the knowledge thereof doth a due apprehension of the nature of that work depend. 

Faith and Assurance - J.C. Ryle. The vast majority of the worldly oppose the doctrine of assurance. That they cannot receive it is certainly no marvel. But there are also some true believers who reject assurance, or shrink from it as a doctrine fraught with danger. They think it borders on presumption. They seem to think it a proper humility never to be confident, and to live in a certain degree of doubt. This is to be regretted, and does much harm. (courtesy of www.the-highway.com)

The Failure of Emotional Religion - Norman H. Street. True worship has to be first of all, not of the emotions, but of the mind. “Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God with all thy mind.” The whole work of grace begins there. “You have obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine which was delivered unto you.” A message, which appeals to the mind, first.

Irresistible Grace - John Murray. In reference to all the aspects from which God’s saving grace may be viewed we must always reckon with the reality and gravity of sin. The salvation God has provided is more than salvation from sin and its consequences. Its design embraces the exceeding riches of God’s grace and contemplates the highest conceivable destiny that could be bestowed upon creatures, conformity to the image of God’s own Son that he might be the firstborn among many brethren (cf. Rom. 8:29).(courtesy of www.the-highway.com)

Experimental Salvation - Arthur W. Pink. SALVATION may be viewed from many angles and contemplated under various aspects, but from whatever side we look at it we must ever remember that "Salvation is of the Lord." Salvation was planned by the Father for His elect before the foundation of the world.

The Covenant of Grace - The Plan of Salvation - Charles Hodge. First, from the constant use of the words berit and diatheke in reference to it. With regard to the former of these words, although it is sometimes used for a law, disposition, or arrangement in general, where the elements of a covenant strictly speaking are absent, yet there can be no doubt that according to its prevailing usage in the Old Testament, it means a mutual contract between two or more parties.

The Plan of Salvation - Part I (Differing Conceptions) - Benjamin B. Warfield. THE SUBJECT to which our attention is to be directed in this series of lectures is ordinarily spoken of as "The Plan of Salvation." Its more technical designation is, "The Order of Decrees." And this technical designation has the advantage over the more popular one, of more accurately defining the scope of the subject matter. (courtesy of www.graceonlinelibrary.org)

The Plan of Salvation - Part II (Autosoterism) - Benjamin B. Warfield. THERE ARE fundamentally only two doctrines of salvation: that salvation is from God, and that salvation is from ourselves. The former is the doctrine of common Christianity; the latter is the doctrine of universal heathenism. (courtesy of www.graceonlinelibrary.org)

The Plan of Salvation - Part III (Sacerdotalism) - Benjamin B. Warfield. IT IS THE consistent testimony of the universal Church that salvation is from God, and from God alone. The tendency constantly showing itself in all branches of the Church alike to conceive of salvation as, in one way or another, to a greater or less degree, from man, is thus branded by the entire Church in its official testimony as a heathen remainder not yet fully eliminated from the thinking and feeling of those who profess and call themselves Christians. (courtesy of www.graceonlinelibrary.org)

The Plan of Salvation - Part IV (Universalism) - Benjamin B. Warfield. THE EVANGELICAL note is formally sounded by the entirety of organized Protestantism. That is to say, all the great Protestant bodies, in their formal official confessions, agree in confessing the utter dependence of sinful man upon the grace of God alone for salvation, and in conceiving this dependence as immediate and direct upon the Holy Spirit, acting as a person and operating directly on the heart of the sinner. (courtesy of www.graceonlinelibrary.org)

The Plan of Salvation - Part V (Calvinism) - Benjamin B. Warfield. AS OVER AGAINST all attempts to conceive the operations of God looking to salvation universalistically, that is as directed to mankind in the mass, Calvinism insists that the saving operations of God are directed in every case immediately to the individuals who are saved. (courtesy of www.graceonlinelibrary.org)

The Nature and Necessity of a Public Profession of Religion - Charles Hodge. Religion consists, in a great measure, in the secret intercourse of the soul with God; in those acts of adoration, gratitude, confidence, and submission which the eye of man cannot see, and with which the stranger cannot intermeddle. These secret exercises, by controlling the external conduct, and by supplying the motives for the humble demeanour and benevolent actions of the Christian, cannot indeed fail to manifest their existence; but all unnecessary parading them upon the notice of others, borders on the offence which our Savior condemned in the ancient Pharisees.

Are You Born Again? - J. C. Ryle. This is one of life's most important questions. Jesus Christ said, "Except a man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God" (John 3:3).It is not enough to reply, "I belong to a church; I suppose I'm a Christian." Thousand of nominal "Christians" show none of the signs of being born again which the Scriptures have given us -- many listed in the First Epistle of John.

ARMINIAN CONFESSION OF FAITH - We offer the first edition of the first Remonstrant (Arminian) Confession of Faith. A second (much shorter) version was published in 1940! Rare. The Confession was written in Latin by Simon Episcopius. The famous Remonstrant leader Johan Uyttenbogaert translated the text in eleven days time and it was secretly published in December 1621. The first Latin edition was published the next year in 1622. (courtesy of http://www.generalbaptist.net)

Outline of System - by Loraine Boettner. There are really only three systems which claim to set forth a way of salvation through Christ. They are: Universalism, Arminianism, Calvinism. (courtesy of http://www.mbrem.com)

A DEFENSE OF CALVINISM - By C.H. Spurgeon. There is no soul living who holds more firmly to the doctrines of grace than I do, and if any man asks me whether I am ashamed to be called a Calvinist, I answer—I wish to be called nothing but a Christian; but if you ask me, do I hold the doctrinal views which were held by John Calvin, I reply, I do in the main hold them, and rejoice to avow it. But far be it from me even to imagine that Zion contains none but Calvinistic Christians within her walls, or that there are none saved who do not hold our views. (courtesy of www.spurgeon.org )

What Should We Think Of Evangelism and Calvinism? - Ernest Reisinger. Calvinism is evangelism in its pure and only stable expression, and when we say evangelism we say sin and salvation. It means utter dependence on God for salvation. It implies therefore, need of salvation and a profound sense of this need, along with an equally profound sense of helplessness in the presence of this need, and utter dependence on God for its satisfaction. (courtesy of www.founders.org )

Calvinism and the Baptists - by Dr. Laurence M. Vance. The controversy over Calvinism among the Baptists calls for special attention. Not only has this debate raged among the Baptists for hundreds of years, the greatest exponents of Calvinism today are not the Presbyterian or Reformed but the Baptists. The fact that a Baptist says he is not a Calvinist means nothing, for the Baptists, more than any other Calvinists, when seeking to draw attention away from the name of Calvin, use the phrase "Doctrines of Grace" as a metaphor for Calvinism. (courtesy of http://www.biblebelievers.com)

Will Calvinism Kill Evangelism? - Ernest C. Reisinger. Before discussing evangelism and Calvinism, it may be wise and helpful to make a few general comments in respect to some misconceptions about Calvinism. The subject is one that immediately arouses diverse feelings. There are bigots both for Calvinism and against Calvinism. The subject is also one that poses some vitally important questions that are very relevant at the present time in the SBC. I hear many sincere voices of inquiry, especially among seminary students and young pastors. (courtesy of www.founders.org )

Outlines of Theology: Pelagianism, Semi-Pelagianism & Augustinianism - A. A. Hodge. In this chapter will be presented a brief sketch of the main contrasting positions of the three rival systems of Pelagianism, Semipelagianism, and Augustinianism, or as they are denominated in their more completely developed forms, Socinianism, Arminianism, and Calvinism--together with an outline of the history of their rise and dissemination.  (courtesy of www.graceonlinelibrary.org)

Augustine and Pelagius - by R.C. Sproul. "It is Augustine who gave us the Reformation." So wrote B. B. Warfield in his assessment of the influence of Augustine on church history. It is not only that Luther was an Augustinian monk, or that Calvin quoted Augustine more than any other theologian that provoked Warfield's remark. Rather, it was that the Reformation witnessed the ultimate triumph of Augustine's doctrine of grace over the legacy of the Pelagian view of man. (courtesy of www.monergism.com)

AUGUSTINE & THE PELAGIAN CONTROVERSY - by Benjamin B. Warfield (1851-1921). It was inevitable that the energy of the Church in intellectually realizing and defining its doctrines in relation to one another, should first be directed towards the objective side of Christian truth. The chief controversies of the first four centuries and the resulting definitions of doctrine, concerned the nature of God and the person of Christ; and it was not until these theological and Christological questions were well upon their way to final settlement, that the Church could turn its attention to the more subjective side of truth. (courtesy of http://whitefield.freeservers.com)

The Pelagian Captivity of the Church - By R. C. Sproul.  I've often wondered if Luther were alive today and came to our culture and looked, not at the liberal church community, but at evangelical churches, what would he have to say? Of course I can't answer that question with any kind of definitive authority, but my guess is this: If Martin Luther lived today and picked up his pen to write, the book he would write in our time would be entitled The Pelagian Captivity of the Evangelical Church. (courtesy of http://www.christianity.com)

A TREATISE ON NATURE AND GRACE, AGAINST PELAGIUS, A.D. 415. TOWARDS THE END OF THIS TREATISE THERE IS AN EXAMINATION OF SUNDRY EXTRACTS FROM OLD WRITERS, WHICH PELAGIUS ADDUCED IN SUPPORT OF HIS VIEWS, AND EXPRESSLY FROM HILARY, AMBROSE, AND EVEN AUGUSTIN HIMSELF. (courtesy of http://www.la.utexas.edu)

The History of the Free Offer - The Semi-Pelagian Controversy. It is not our purpose here to deal in detail and at length with the whole question of' Semi-Pelagianism, for this would take far too much of our time. But it is our purpose to demonstrate that those who adopted a Semi-Pelagian position and opposed, often bitterly and fiercely, the teachings of Augustine, taught also many of the same doctrines which are an integral part of free offer theology and which are held by those who make the free offer an essential part of their teaching. (courtesy of http://www.prca.org)

THE STORY OF THE CHURCH - Augustine and the Pelagian Controversy. However, the church always tended toward Semi-Pelagianism in its theology and especially in its popular piety. At the time of the Reformation it was apparent to the Roman Catholics that thorough Augustinian doctrines were held by the Reformers, and thus a form of semi-Pelagianism was officially adopted at the Council of Trent. (See the Sixth Session of that council. And incidentally, see the excellent reply by Calvin, which is almost a complete survey on the topic of faith and justification, in his Tracts and Treatises vol 3.)  (courtesy of http://www.ritchies.net)